Healthy Communities:

Sustainable Model Making

Copenhagen, Denmark November 2021 - present

A collaboration between BIG’s Model Making Center in their Copenhagen Studio and the Lab in NY is researching products and methods to make Architectural Model Making a craft that avoids hazardous substances and helps set an agenda for healthier building practices.

Two members of the HML team (Alison Mears and Leila Behjat) visited BIG Studio during a stay in Copenhagen for a Building Green Conference in November 2021. We began the meeting with Katrine Juul and sustainability team members from BIG IDEA. We then toured the Model Making Center, managed by Artemis Antonopoulou. The Center’s Model Making Leadership has taken steps to enhance health and sustainability in the space by installing air filter systems and adopting policies to reduce material waste.

The initial exchange sparked a collaboration that includes raising awareness of hazardous substances and establishing alternatives to products commonly used in Model Making, such as petrochemical-based foams, glues and paints.

“If we cannot create sustainable models, how can we create sustainable buildings?”

In the past, Designers and Architects had fixed ideas on the presentation of a design idea using readily available, inexpensive model-making materials. Consistent with Modern Architecture’s stylistic preferences for pristine white models, many architects have wire-cut white styrofoam to represent building volume and used a range of plastic board products to represent walls and openings. When laser cutters are used, the tendency is to use materials that reduce burn or bending marks. These practices are common and deeply rooted in Model Making. Often the time crunch in a project prevents the exploration of alternative, sustainable materials and making practices. Today, as we confront the climate crisis, we are moving from petroleum-based, toxic products to more bio- and mineral-based, low embodied and benign materials in our architectural construction practices. So why not explore these better materials in model-making?

The ongoing investigation with BIG is twofold: finding healthier alternatives to products commonly used in model making on the one hand; on the other, offering and encouraging model-making methods with the adoption of principles of designing for disassembly. The explorations include using mechanical joining, and the incorporation of traditionally unconventional product options with the goal of avoiding harmful foams, glues and finishes and reducing waste.

In monthly team meetings, the project collaboration aims to elevate Model Making to be a gateway to healthier architectural design work. Experience shows that the incorporation of better practices in model prototypes brings designers on board: “Everything we’ve managed to change has come through making a sample”, is the observation of Phillipa Seagrave, a Lead in the Center.

An awareness of health hazards in products, and ingredient disclosure for transparency are crucial at the building scale. Establishing frameworks for healthier Best Practices starts with a healthier Project Model.

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