When selecting healthier products, we need to consider installation methods, which usually involve adhesives, mortars, grouts, and sealants. This category of products has many health and environmental concerns, and yet they often cannot be avoided entirely.
Many adhesives contain chemicals of concern that are released as they cure. The contents are similarly harmful in the process of production, and upon disposal, they also emit toxicants. While PFAS (Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances) are added for bonding strength and to increase water and stain resistance, they are linked to health disorders such as cancers, decreased fertility, thyroid problems, and other hormonal malfunctions. https://pfascentral.org/pfas-b....
Sealants can contain phthalates or isocyanates, which are linked to asthma. Fly ash and blast furnace slag contain harmful heavy metals and are commonly used as aggregates in mortars. Grouts and mortars typically contain persistent nanosilver antimicrobials that can leach into aquatic environments yet are often undisclosed. Optional additives to resist mildew or mold are usually harmful and should be avoided when possible.
Mortars and grouts can have high levels of Portland cement, which emits high levels of carbon during manufacturing, adding to the carbon footprint of a building.
The healthiest strategy is to reduce or eliminate the need for adhesives. Instead, design for mechanical fasteners such as screws, nails, and interlocking joinery, which allow materials and systems to be reused or recycled - and eliminate toxics.
Below are examples of adhesives, grouts, mortars, and sealants that meet our rigorous evaluation. For further help searching for healthier adhesive products, scroll down to "Spec Guidance".
Learn more about chemicals of concern at sixclasses.org.
Adhesives, Mortars, Grouts, and Sealants
16 products
About Our Collections
The goal of our collections is to help promote transparency in the material ingredients of building products by fostering knowledge and awareness of products and materials for which life-cycle information is available, and that have environmentally, economically, and socially preferable life-cycle impacts.
Keep an eye out for the following symbols:
A Healthier Affordable Building Product
Products with the designation of "Healthier & Affordable" were specified and installed in at least one of our Case Studies of healthier affordable housing.
Available at the Donghia healthier Materials Library
The Donghia healthier Materials Library library is open to Parsons student and faculty. Learn more about access and opening hours here.
Low Embodied Carbon
“Embodied Carbon” is the total amount of carbon emitted during the process of making a material. *HML refers to a manufacturer's EPD to determine whether a product's A1-A3 carbon emissions falls within HML's threshold for Low Embodied Carbon.
New Product
This product has been added to the collection within the past six months.
Product in Development
Products with this designation identify they are currently scaling or only available in markets outside of the building industry. they could be experimental or in use in capsule collections.
Available in the EU
Products with this designation are currently available only in the European Union and identified as being an exemplary healthy option in the respective product group.
Ingredient Disclosures
There are several ways of evaluating a material’s health that we include with product information. Disclosures are reports by manufacturers about product ingredients, impacts, or other attributes.
Key Disclosures include:
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
A voluntary technical specification for reporting information on product contents and associated health information, intended to be the health-analogue to Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs).
Declare Label
Declare is a transparency platform and product database that answers three questions:
1. Where does a product come from?
2. What is it made of?
3. Where does it go at the end of its life?
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
A standardized format for communicating the environmental effects associated with a product’s raw materials extraction, energy use, chemical makeup, waste generation, and emissions to air, soil, and water.
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
A reporting format that provides basic information about a material’s chemical ingredients, the potential safety hazards to installers, and recommended practices for installation.
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Managed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the goal of the BioPreferred Program is to increase the purchase and use of biobased products.
Other
Manufacturer | Product | Ingredient Disclosures |
---|---|---|
Isocell | Isowindow FSB Foam |
Isowindow FSB FoamThe Isowindow FSB is a polyurethane foam joint sealing tape with a polyacrylate adhesive. It is EC1Plus Emicode certified. Typically used for sealing gaps in windows, doors, and timber frame construction. Pre-formed, compressed polyurethane foam tapes are recommended on the HBN Sealants Product Guidance over sealants that react or dry on-site. Learn more: https://healthybuilding.net/products/10-sealants CategorySealant / Window, Joint TapeManufacturerIsocellMaterial composition*Polyurethane pre-compressed foam with polymer acrylic adhesive. *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedSeptember 07, 2023 |
ProClima | Tescon Vana |
Tescon VanaThe ProClima Tescon Vana Adhesive Tape is a silicone-coated paper with a polypropylene fleece backing for interior or exterior use. It is typically used indoors for membranes and wood-based panels, or outdoors for windproofing and rainproofing. It has been tested to last for 100 years. It is Nordic Ecolabel certfied and LBC Red List Free. CategorySealant / Window, Joint TapeManufacturerProClimaMaterial composition*Poly Bulyl Acrylate Solution, Polypropylene, Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer, Oligomeric Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedAugust 16, 2023 |
Elmer's | Elmer's Wood Glue |
Elmer's Wood GlueElmer's Wood glue is PVA-based adhesive for furniture repair and model making. It is AP certified by the Art and Creative Materials Institute (see also our Healthier Model Making Collection). "The AP Seal identifies art materials that are safe and certified in a toxicological evaluation by a medical expert to contain no materials in sufficient quantities to be toxic or injurious to humans, including children, or to cause acute or chronic health problems." CategoryAdhesive / Model Making, Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA)ManufacturerElmer'sMaterial composition*PVA *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedAugust 16, 2023 |
Custom Building Products, Quikcrete | Polyblend Sanded Grout |
Polyblend Sanded GroutThe Polyblend Grouts are cement-based grouts for interior/exterior floors, countertops, walls, ceilings, and showers. Sold as dry components to be mixed with water on-site. CategoryGrout, CementitousManufacturerCustom Building Products, QuikcreteMaterial composition*Quartz 40-70%, Portland Cement 30-60%, Calcium Carbonate 1-5%, Titanium Dioxide 1-5%, Carbon Black 0.1-1% *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedAugust 16, 2023 |
Mapei | MAPEI Ceramic Tile Mortar |
MAPEI Ceramic Tile MortarThe Ceramic Tile Mortar has a high silica sand content and can be used for adhering tile and stone to walls and floors. It is Red List Free and SCS Advantage Gold for Indoor Air Quality. CategoryMortar, CementitousManufacturerMapeiMaterial composition*50-75% Silica Sand, 25-50% Portland Cement *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
SCS | Indoor Advantage Gold
Last UpdatedOctober 10, 2023 |
AFM Safecoat | Safecoat Grout Sealer |
Safecoat Grout SealerThe Safecoat Grout Sealer is a water-based sealer for cementitious surfaces and grout. The potassium silicate penetrates and reacts to form a water resistant surface. It is VOC free. CategoryGrout, SilicateManufacturerAFM SafecoatMaterial composition*Water 90-95%, Potassium Siliconate 5-10% *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedDecember 28, 2023 |
Kährs | Landobond Adhesive |
Landobond AdhesiveAvailable At the Donghia Materials LibraryThe Landobond wood floor adhesive is a PVA based adhesive designed for Kahrs WoodLoc Floating Floor, Tongue & Groove, and Activity hardwood flooring systems. It is not for glue down flooring but it can be used on other wood plank edge flooring systems. CategoryAdhesive / Model Making, Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA)ManufacturerKährsMaterial composition*PVA 30-100%, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one <1% *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedAugust 16, 2023 |
Limeworks | Ecologic™ Lithomex Casein Glue |
Ecologic™ Lithomex Casein GlueAvailable At the Donghia Materials LibraryThe Lithomex Casein Glue is mainly used in stone masonry and repair / restoration work, glueing smaller pieces of brick and masonry. It comes in two parts; powder from Casein (a protein commonly found in milk) / Lithomex (a natural lime based stone repair material) and Ecologic™ Waterglass. The natural casein adhesive is mixed with Lithomex, water, and the Ecologic™ Waterglass primer at the listed ratios. The Ecologic™ Waterglass is already HML vetted under our interior paint collection. This product contains no VOCs. Learn more about the Lithomex here: https://www.limeworks.us/produ... CategoryAdhesive / Masonry, CaseinManufacturerLimeworksMaterial composition*Casein glue, Lithomex (sand 40-85%, silica 10-50%, calcium carbonate 30-60%, calcium dihydroxide 10-20%, hydraulic binder <20%, calcium silicate 5-20%, aluminum oxide 0.5-5%, calcium oxide <1%) *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedOctober 10, 2023 |
USG Sheetrock | USG Sheetrock® Brand All Purpose Joint Compound |
USG Sheetrock® Brand All Purpose Joint CompoundAll-Purpose Joint Compound is made mostly from water, limestone and other minerals and can be used for repairing cracks in plaster, masonry, gypsum panels, and drywall finishing. It is Greenguard GOLD certified and low VOC. CategoryAdhesive / Joint Compound, LimeManufacturerUSG SheetrockMaterial composition*Water 30-60%, Limestone 0-70%, Dolomite 0-60%, Perlite 0-11%, Quartz 5%, Kaolin 2%, Mica 0-5%, Undisclosed 0-6%, Attapulgite 0.7-3%, 1,3,5-Triazine-1,3,5(2H,4H,6H)-Triethanol (9Cl) 0.05-0.3% *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedMarch 26, 2024 |
US Heritage Group | Heritage Hydraulic Lime Mortar |
Heritage Hydraulic Lime MortarThe Heritage hydraulic lime mortar is primarily used for repair and restoration of historic masonry. It is made with Natural Hydraulic Lime 3.5, a medium density lime suitable for brick, stone, and terracotta. It is free from portland cement. CategoryMortar, LimeManufacturerUS Heritage GroupMaterial composition*50-75% silica sand, 25-50% hydraulic lime *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedJuly 20, 2023 |
AURO | Universal adhesive |
Universal adhesiveThis low-VOC water-based adhesive is for the bonding of linoleum, cork, textile floor coverings, natural fibre carpets, ceramic tiles and natural stone tiles. AURO consistently uses natural materials and discloses 100% of their ingredients on their website's Raw Materials Guide. This includes what the ingredients are typically used for, as well as where they are sourced from. CategoryAdhesive / Floor, MineralManufacturerAUROMaterial composition*Water, mineral fillers, natural latex, colophony glycerol ester, linseed oil, milk casein, cellulose, swelling clays, potash, 0.02% sodium pyrithione, 0.004% benzisothiazolinone *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedAugust 16, 2023 |
Graphenstone | Naturglue Premium |
Naturglue PremiumLow-Embodied Carbon MaterialThe Naturglue Premium is an adhesive mortar with high calcium carbonate content, lime and graphene technology. It is a bi-component mortar, the MortarBase Premium + Kalgraphin Premium are mixed on site. It can be used for ceramic, tiles and insulation boards. It is VOC free and CradletoCradle GOLD (overall rating) certified. According to Graphenstone's EPD which covers their premium mortars, this product meets HML's criteria for low embodied carbon. *NOTE: Recently, researchers have raised health concerns about graphene. According to the manufacturer, Graphenstone uses Nano Fibers of Graphene (NFG), which has a larger structure that is not harmful to human health. CategoryMortar, LimeManufacturerGraphenstoneMaterial composition*Calcium carbonate 60-80%, Aerial lime 20-40%, Graphene 0.1%, *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Cradle to Cradle | Gold
Last UpdatedMarch 29, 2024 |
AURO | No. 389 Wallpaper Paste |
No. 389 Wallpaper PasteThe No. 389 Wallpaper paste is pure methylcellulose and mixed with water onsite to apply. AURO consistently uses natural materials and discloses 100% of their ingredients on their website's Raw Materials Guide. Per manufacturer, mold growth only can happen if the product remains in a wet condition. The product itself is a powder which will be mixed with water. After application the water evaporates and the cellulose will dry again. Added <0.5% Glyoxal helps avoid Cellulose to stick together. CategoryAdhesive / Wall, CelluloseManufacturerAUROMaterial composition*Methylcellulose, 0.5% Glyoxal *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedAugust 16, 2023 |
Limeworks | Ecologic™ Mortar |
Ecologic™ MortarAvailable At the Donghia Materials LibraryThe Ecologic Mortar is for brick, terracotta, stone, and historic masonry repair. This mortar is a blend from sand and natural lime with less than 1% of minerals and pigments. It is free from portland cement. There are three grades (course, fine, and butter), and it comes in 16 stock colors. It is made to order in approximately 3 weeks. It comes as a dry component. CategoryMortar, LimeManufacturerLimeworksMaterial composition*sand, <1% calcium hydroxide, <1% calcium carbonate, <1% calcium oxide, <1% crystalline silica, <1% oxide pigment *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedAugust 02, 2023 |
Uhu | Renature Glues |
Renature GluesUhu Renature glue is a starch based multi-purpose adhesive. It can be used for cardboard, paper, felt, cork, fabric, wood, metal, glass, porcelain, and some plastics. This product is solvent-free and is Nordic Swan certified. CategoryAdhesive / Model Making, StarchManufacturerUhuMaterial composition*54% water, 36-43% starch (dextrine), 3-10% glycerol *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedAugust 16, 2023 |
Custom Building Products, Quikcrete | Polyblend Non-sanded Grout |
Polyblend Non-sanded GroutThe Polyblend Grouts are cement-based grouts for interior/exterior floors, countertops, walls, ceilings, and showers. Sold as dry components to be mixed with water on-site. Use the sanded grout option if applicable over the non-sanded as it has a lower content of Portland Cement. For natural stone and glass tile, use non-sanded grout (see product post). CategoryGrout, CementitousManufacturerCustom Building Products, QuikcreteMaterial composition*Portland Cement 40-70%, Calcium Carbonate 30-60%, Titanium Dioxide 3-7%, Quartz 0.1-1%, Carbon Black 0.1-1% *as reported by the manufacturer CERTIFICATIONS & DISCLOSURES
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
Declare Label
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
USDA Certified Biobased Product Label
Other
Last UpdatedSeptember 07, 2023 |
The products in this collection have all been evaluated holistically for their contents and performance. To be considered, a product must disclose at least 75% of its ingredients by weight and avoid the biggest health concerns, as indicated by their disclosure documentation. For Adhesives, this means that they are free of solvents, isocyanates, and PVC with low emissions. For Mortar and Grout, this means that they have a minimal content of Portland Cement and are free of epoxy. For Sealants and Caulks this means that they are free of PU, silicone, and not sprayed. Learn more: https://pfascentral.org/pfas-b...
Spec Guidance
Reduce the need for adhesives.
Consider the full lifecycle of a product. Design with disassembly and reuse in mind.
Look for mechanical fasteners or interlocking joinery.
Prefer non-emitting or low-emitting (low-VOC) adhesives with formaldehyde and acetaldehyde not exceeding 0.05 ppm.
Look for certifications such as the Greenguard Gold, Blue Angel and EC1Plus.
Look for 3rd Party Disclosures with ingredient disclosures, such as HPDs.
Avoid products that contain phthalate plasticizers and are made using isocyanates as starting agents where possible.
Choose solvent-free adhesives, such as water-based products.
If water-based isn't an option choose products that are based on acrylic over epoxy and polyurethane.
Choose mortars and grouts with less Portland Cement composition.
Choose caulk sealants over spray-foam options to avoid additional air-borne pollutants.
Avoid silane polymer adhesives which release methane upon curing.
Updated July 19, 2023
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